(Original title: How does the brain distinguish between Wang Dandan and Bai He? Caltech uses the monkey to find the face "password") Wang Haodan (left), Bai Baihe Dongfang IC data map In life, we recognize that Bai Bahe is not Wang Kuangdan, but it is just a moment of electro-optic fire, but the process that the brain experienced during this moment has puzzled neuroscientists. In 2005, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) found an Aniston cell. They showed a lot of photos to the subjects. When the famous actress who appeared in the corner of “Rui Qiu†in “Friends†appeared, many of the subjects’ brains had an identical neuron activated. Inspired by this experiment, other researchers also found "Julia Roberts cells", "Kobe cells" and so on. Therefore, for many years the academic community has doubted that the neurons responsible for face recognition in the brain are “customized†by human faces. These dedicated neurons are quickly activated by a specific face and are also activated by other similar faces, but they do not react to the poorer faces. A recent study by Caltech reversed this hypothesis. Neuroscientists Doris Tsao and Le Chang discovered that a single neuron in the cerebral cortex does not recognize the entire face, but instead identifies some elements. A series of neurons spells the entire face like a puzzle. They decoded human face images from monkeys by decoding signals from monkey brain nerve cells. Related papers were published on the June 1 academic journal Cell. Previously, scientists discovered that there are a series of neurons that fully recognize human faces in the cerebral cortex. Cao's team began researching these neuron puzzles several years ago. They assume that the brain “spells†humans by facial features such as eye size and mouth length, and tests whether these “passwords†can activate facial recognition neurons. However, the experimental results are all "incorrect passwords." In the end, Tsao gave up these more specific elements that humans could think of themselves and changed the computer to find out the password for face recognition. By analysing a set of 200 computer-adjusted real-life photos, the computer presents 50 mathematical dimensions that can describe the differences between faces. These parameters are not a simple description of a specific facial organ, half of which is related to shape, such as the distance between two eyes or the width of the hairline, and the other half involves skin color, cortex and other elements. 50 parameters can be used to describe the difference between any two faces Subsequently, the researchers implanted electrodes in the brains of two macaque monkeys to allow macaques to view human facial pictures that differed in these 50 dimensions, and to monitor the response of 205 facial recognition neurons in the macaque brain to these 50 dimensions. . The researchers decoded the millions of feedbacks received and got the specific meaning of each feedback representative. "We cracked the brain code for face recognition," Tsao said. These neurons with different divisions analyze human faces from different angles, and the resulting information is brought together to spell out a complete face. This process is somewhat similar to the police drawing out crimes based on eyewitness accounts. The appearance of the suspect. On this basis, they highly restored the images of human faces seen by monkeys by decoding the signals of monkey brain neural cells. When the researchers mixed the original picture into 40 pictures, the subjects were asked to find the one that best matched the restored image. The probability that the subject pointed to the original picture reached 80%. Monkey's face (left) and human face recovered from the monkey's brain signal (right) In addition, the researchers also demonstrated through experiments that these neurons are activated by their pre-set dimensions, but do not respond to changes in other dimensions. In other words, if the macaques look at two human faces that look very different, and the two human faces are exactly similar in the dimensions pre-set by the neurons, the response of these neurons is the same. Tsao explained this phenomenon through a metaphor: if a cell is activated by red, then its response to orange and purple will be the same. This is the first time that humans have used a complete and concise narrative to describe the process of primate brain recognition. Next, Tsao's team will turn to study the temporal lobe of the brain and verify whether the brain encodes everyday objects and everyday scenes with similar "passwords." Pd Charger,Pd Usb Charger,Pd Wall Charger,Type C Wall Charger SUNSHINE ELECTRONICS TECH. CO., LTD. , https://www.benefitucx.com
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