Programmable logic (PLD) is generated by a general-purpose integrated circuit. The logic function is determined according to the user's programming of the device. The user can program the digital system to integrate in the PLD. After years of development, programmable logic devices have evolved from programmable logic array devices (PLDs) in the 1970s to field-programmable array logic (FPGA) with tens of millions of gates. With the development of artificial intelligence research, FPGAs have been developed. The parallelism has been applied in some real-time neural network computing tasks. Since implementing floating-point numbers on an FPGA consumes a lot of hardware resources, while the accuracy of fixed-point numbers is limited, convergence can still be guaranteed for different applications by selecting an appropriate word-length precision, and the speed is faster and the resources are less expensive than floating-point numbers. It has made it ideal for embedded AI and machine learning applications.


The latest proof points are the recently published papers by Yufeng Hao and Steven Quigley of the Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering at the University of Birmingham, UK. The paper titled "Realizing a Deep Recurrent Neural Network Language Model on Xilinx FPGAs" introduces the use of the Python programming language to successfully implement and train a fixed-point-depth recursive neural network (DRNN); Theano mathematics library and multidimensional arrays; Open source based Python's PYNQ development environment; the Digilent PYNQ-Z1 development board and the system-on-chip SoC of the Xilinx Zynq Z-7020 on the PYNQ-Z1 board. The Zynq-7000 series is loaded with a dual-core ARM Cortex-A9 processor and 28nm Artix-7 or Kintex-7 programmable logic. Integrating the CPU, DSP and ASSP on a single chip, with key analysis and hardware acceleration capabilities and mixed-signal capabilities, excellent price-performance ratio and maximum design flexibility are also features. Using Python DRNN Hardware Acceleration Override (a Xilinx-proposed hardware library, using Python APIs to establish connections and exchange data in hardware logic and software), two collaborators use this design as an NLP (Natural Language Processing) application The processing throughput of 20GOPS (1 billion times per second) is achieved, which is 2.75 times to 70.5 times better than the earlier FPGA-based implementation.

Most of the papers discuss NLP and LM (Language Model), "It involves machine translation, voice search, voice tagging, and speech recognition." This article then discusses implementing DRNN LM hardware accelerators using the Vivado HLS development tools and the Verilog language to synthesize a custom hardware overlay for the PYNQ development environment. The resulting accelerator contains five process elements (PEs) capable of providing 20GOPS of data throughput in this application. The following is a block diagram of the design:
The Vivado Design Suite provides new ways for the next generation of ultra-efficient C/C++ and IP-based designs. With the new set of ultra-fast and efficient design methods, users can achieve 10-15 times more efficiency. Vivado HLS supports ISE and Vivado design environments and can accelerate IP creation by integrating C, C++, and SystemC standards into Xilinx's programmable devices without the need to create RTL models.
This paper includes a lot of in-depth technical details, but this sentence summarizes the reasons for this blog post: "More importantly, we show the joint application of software and hardware design and simulation process in the field of neural networks." Considering that the price of the PYNQ-Z1 development board is 229 US dollars, this statement is completely correct.

Disclaimer: This article is sourced from the Xilinx Xcell Daily Blog. It was compiled by the Xilinx Chinese community. Please indicate the author, source, and original link. https://forums.xilinx.com/t5/Xcell-Daily-Blog/U- of-Birmingham-team-develops-fixed-point-Deep-Recurrent-Neural/ba-p/805717

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